Newton’s laws of motion

A ball or any object that rolls on the ground comes to a state of rest after a certain time. One needs to keep one foot on the gas to keep a car moving. Now roll two identical balls, one on a smooth surface and the other on a rough surface, they will travel farther than the ball rolling on the rough surface. This shows that the motion of the ball is affected by the nature of the surface on which it rolls. Furthermore, it can be argued that the rough surface offers a higher stopping force to the ball compared to the smooth surface and therefore the ball stops earlier than the ball set in motion on the smooth surface. Perhaps it would be natural to stop here and think about what will happen if the ground surface becomes so smooth that it offers no stopping force to the ball. The answer would certainly be that the ball should keep moving forever.

All of the above observation about the motion of the object can be put into a sentence. This was done by Newton and he claimed that.

“Every object continues in its state of rest, or of uniform motion in a straight line, unless an external force acts on it.”

The above statement is now like “Newton’s first law of motion”. From the first law of motion we draw the following two important conclusions:

1. Force is that agent that produces or tends to produce a change in the state of rest or uniform motion of an object.

2. Every material object has the property of opposing any change in its state of rest or uniform motion. This property of matter is known as inertia. In other words. “Inertia is the tendency of an object to resist a change in its state. Therefore, the first law of motion is also called the law of inertia.

Experiments show that the inertia of an object is directly proportional to the mass of the object, that is, the greater the mass of the object, the greater the inertia. Inertia can be further elaborated through the following example:

If a car or a bus starts to move suddenly, a person sitting in it would fall backwards, it is because the lower part of the person’s body is in contact with the car seat of the bus and is carried. forward by the movement of the car or bus, but the free upper part of the person’s body remains at rest due to inertia, and therefore the person falls backwards. But if the moving car or the bus stops suddenly, the person falls forward.